Integrating Manifolds into Microfluidic Systems

Ever since the 18^th century, manifolds have been utilized in engineering innovations from the steam engine to plumbing, refrigeration, and more. Today, manifolds serve as crucial components in many microfluidic systems, adding to both functionality and efficiency in a wide variety of applications. So, what exactly is a manifold, why is it so important, and how can you integrate one into a microfluidic system?

Key Benefits of Using Manifolds
Using manifolds in microfluidic systems offers several key benefits including:

• Reduced Footprint Size - manifolds consolidate multiple connections into a single unit, saving much needed space in OEM instruments
• Less Leak Points - fewer connections means fewer risks of leaks, enhancing system integrity
• Lower Maintenance - with less components to manage, maintenance becomes simpler and less frequent
  
  

Impact of Manifold Design
The design of a manifold can significantly impact fluid flow and overall system performance. Manifolds can be used solely for routing liquid/gas or they can also contain other components with additional functionalities. Microfluidic manifolds are typically custom-designed to meet specific application needs and can include components such as pumps, valves, filters, regulators, and sensors.

Customized manifold designs include:

• Layered Manifolds - for complex fluid routing
• Machined Manifolds - precision-engineered for specific tasks
• Different Materials
  • Metals - stainless steel and aluminum. These feature high durability, sound mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity
  • Thermoplastics - chosen based on material compatibility with the fluids being used. These are sometimes preferred for their lower weight, lower cost, and resistance to corrosion.
• Additional Components - such as pumps, valves, filters, regulators, and sensors
  
  

Integrating Microfluidic Pumps with Manifolds
The biggest challenge in using manifolds within microfluidic systems is ensuring the compatibility of pumps with manifold designs. For instance, Fluid Metering’s FDD Pulseless Nanoliter pump is designed to easily adapt to any manifold, ensuring seamless integration. While some pumps or fluidic systems can be easily modified to fit a specific manifold, like the rest of Fluid Metering’s OEM and laboratory pumps, others are not as versatile and require the pump itself to be designed according to the manifold’s specifications.

Real-World Applications
The use of manifolds can vary based on system architecture preferences. Some OEMs prefer routing everything through a manifold for a refined design. However, this can make troubleshooting field issues more challenging, as it can be difficult to identify which part is causing a problem. Additionally, the more complex a manifold is, the more it can add to the overall cost of the system.

Nevertheless, manifolds play vital roles in microfluidic systems by simplifying connections, reducing leak points, and minimizing maintenance. Their design is crucial for optimal performance and to meet specific needs. Despite some challenges, their benefits make them indispensable across an endless field of microfluidic applications.

Need help integrating a manifold into your fluidic system? Our team of experienced engineers is ready to dissolve your challenges and manifold your success with practical, streamlined solutions!